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≪英文≫
A third sign of conservatism in the nineteen twenties was the effort by some Americans to ban schoolbooks on modern science. Most of the Americans who supported these efforts were conservative rural Americans who believed in the traditional ideas of the Protestant Christian church. Many of them were fearful of the many changes that had taken place in American society. Science became an enemy to many of these traditional, religious Americans. Science seemed to challenge the most basic ideas taught in the Bible. The conflict burst into a major public debate in nineteen twenty-five in a trial over Charles Darwin's idea of evolution. British scientist Charles Darwin published his books "The Origin of the Species" and "The Descent of Man" in the nineteenth century. The books explained Darwin's idea that humans developed over millions of years from apes and other animals. Most Europeans and educated people accepted Darwin's theory by the end of the nineteenth century. But the book had little effect in rural parts of the United States until the nineteen twenties. William Jennings Bryan led the attack on Darwin's ideas. Bryan was a rural Democrat who ran twice for president. He lost both times. But Bryan remained popular among many traditional Americans. Bryan told his followers that the theory of evolution was evil, because it challenged the traditional idea that God created the world in six days. He accused scientists of violating God's words in the Bible. Bryan and his supporters called on local school officials to ban the teaching of evolution. 【続く】
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≪問題≫
次の文章（特に青色で示した部分）が左の英文の内容と一致するときはYesを，そうでないときはNoを選んでください。
Yes No
ダーウィンの理論は、19世紀末にはヨーロッパの知識人にほとんど受け入れられていなかった。
Yes No ダーウィンの著書は人が類人猿などから進化してきたことを述べていた。 Yes No ブライアンたちは、進化論は聖書に書かれた神の言葉に対する挑戦だと考えた。 Yes No 反進化論の運動は、主にアメリカの田舎のカソリック信者によって支持された。 Yes No ブライアンたちは学校で進化論を教えないように要求した。 Yes No 科学は信心深い田舎のアメリカ人の敵になった。 Yes No 1925年には進化論に対する争いが裁判になった。 |